What is an Arc Flash Study?
An arc flash study, often referred to as an arc flash hazard analysis or risk assessment, identifies arc flash hazards, estimates the likelihood of severe injuries, and determines the necessary protections, including controls and personal protective equipment (PPE), required for specific electrical systems. This study is crucial for ensuring safety as defined by the NFPA 70E: Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace. In essence, an arc flash study provides critical data on the incident energy present in electrical components that workers may be exposed to during maintenance or interaction, aiding in determining safe approach distances and appropriate PPE.
Why is an Arc Flash Study Necessary?
Conducting an arc flash study is essential for understanding the maximum energy release potential of equipment that requires maintenance. This study helps designers identify and implement measures to eliminate or reduce hazard risks. Without an arc flash study, it is challenging to know the proper techniques for eliminating, reducing, mitigating, and protecting against hazards to create a safe working environment around electrical equipment and installations.
When is an Arc Flash Study Required?
Several codes mandate the requirement for arc flash studies to ensure a safe work environment for personnel handling maintenance. This requirement is derived from standards such as the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), NFPA 70E, National Electrical Code (NFPA 70), and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). Additionally, some states, including Washington (WAC296-45-325), require an arc flash hazard analysis to be conducted.
OSHA’s health and safety requirements for employers, reflected in NFPA 70E, base electrical safety standards on CFR 29 Part 1910 and Part 1926. Employers must identify potential workplace hazards and protect their workforce accordingly, as per CFR Part 1910.132.
NFPA 70E and its Importance
NFPA 70E, titled “Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace,” outlines the requirements for electrical safety programs that employers must implement. These programs direct activities appropriate to the risk of electrical hazards and must be part of the employer’s overall occupational health and safety management system.
Section 130.5 of NFPA 70E addresses both shock and arc flash hazard risks, requiring an arc flash analysis to determine the incident energy and the proper level of PPE required. This section also mandates labeling on equipment likely to require examination, adjustment, servicing, or maintenance while energized, including details like arc flash risk identification, severity, boundary, and required PPE.
Conducting an Arc Flash Study
Performing an arc flash study requires detailed and accurate representation of the electrical installation to be analyzed. Typically, existing as-built one-line documentation is used, but field verification of conductor lengths, breaker settings, etc. may be necessary to ensure accuracy. If documentation is unavailable or incomplete, a field survey is required. Essential information includes:
- Utility Information: Operating voltage, available fault current, and utility protective equipment at the point of service.
- Paralleled Source Information: Data on multiple services, generators, or emergency power systems.
- Electrical Equipment Information: Manufacturer details, types, sizes, time/current settings, short-circuit interrupting rating, and cable/conductor specifications.
- Motors Connected to the System: Horsepower rating and NEMA configuration.
- Transformers: Rating, impedance values, and tap settings.
- And More…
Who Can Perform an Arc Flash Study?
Conducting an arc flash study is considered “practicing engineering,” requiring a professional engineer license. Therefore, any entity performing an arc flash study must be actively licensed in the project’s location.
By understanding and implementing these key aspects of an arc flash study, organizations can ensure a safer work environment and comply with necessary safety standards and regulations.
Contact RJX Engineering for Your Arc Flash Study Needs
For expert assistance with arc flash studies, consider reaching out to RJX Engineering. Our team of licensed professionals is equipped with the knowledge and tools necessary to conduct thorough and accurate arc flash assessments. Ensure the safety of your electrical systems and comply with industry standards by partnering with RJX Engineering.
Contact RJX Engineering today to discuss your arc flash study requirements and how we can help you maintain a safe working environment.